Apple invented random MACs
iOS 8 (2014) popularized rotating, locally administered MACs for Wi-Fi scans to stop retail analytics from tracking shoppers.
A MAC address is 48 bits (6 bytes). The first byte’s lowest two bits carry special meaning:
Use the options above to constrain these bits and optionally seed with a vendor OUI or your own 3-byte prefix.
AA:BB:CC:DD:EE:FF (colon, default)AA-BB-CC-DD-EE-FF (hyphen)AABB.CCDD.EEFF (Cisco dotted-quartet)AABBCCDDEEFF (plain hex)Note: Generated values are random and not guaranteed to be suitable for any specific device or policy.
A MAC address (often called hardware address or layer-2 address) is a 48-bit identifier assigned to
network interfaces for communications on Ethernet, Wi-Fi, Bluetooth and other IEEE 802 networks. It’s usually shown
as six bytes of hexadecimal: AA:BB:CC:DD:EE:FF. The first three bytes are a vendor prefix known as an
OUI (Organizationally Unique Identifier); the last three bytes are typically assigned by the vendor
or your operating system when using locally administered addresses.
In practice, “unicast + globally unique” is what you’ll see printed on most devices. “Locally administered” is handy for virtualization, containers, privacy randomization, or lab work where you don’t want to collide with a real vendor OUI.
AA:BB:CC:DD:EE:FF (colon-separated)AA-BB-CC-DD-EE-FF (hyphen-separated)AABB.CCDD.EEFF (Cisco dotted)AABBCCDDEEFF (plain hex)Below are well-known brands with example OUIs often seen in the field. These are for educational purposes; organizations can hold multiple OUIs and allocations change over time.
FC:FB:D2, 28:CF:E93C:5A:B4, 54:60:09F8:16:54, 3C:97:0E00:1B:54, 9C:57:ADAC:1F:6B, 80:EA:96D4:6A:6A, B8:CA:3AB4:99:BA, 18:64:7280:2A:A8, 24:A4:3C50:C7:BF, F4:F2:6D90:84:0D, 60:A4:4C00:E0:4C, D8:32:1428:16:AD, 7C:1C:6864:DF:0C, AC:72:89F0:18:98, 14:7D:DAEC:1A:59, F8:46:1CA globally unique address uses a vendor OUI with U/L=0. That implies the device vendor guarantees uniqueness within its allocation. A locally administered address sets U/L=1 and can be minted by your OS or tools like this generator. Many platforms (Windows, macOS, Linux, iOS/Android for Wi-Fi privacy) support random, locally administered MACs to reduce tracking.
iOS 8 (2014) popularized rotating, locally administered MACs for Wi-Fi scans to stop retail analytics from tracking shoppers.
IANA sells OUI blocks (~$3,000). Large vendors hoard dozens; some, like Cisco, own more than 1,000 distinct prefixes.
Switching the least-significant bit of the first byte turns a unicast MAC into multicast. That tiny flip powers IPv4 multicast, mDNS, and more.
Virtual machines, containers, and privacy features all set the U/L bit. Entire data centers run on addresses that never came from a hardware sticker.
Bleeding-edge Ethernet supports 64-bit EUI-64 MACs. Your Wi-Fi card still speaks 48-bit, but IPv6 link-local addresses already embed longer IDs.